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FIRST AID FILLING IN

9 CULTURAL LIFE

Film

There are many kinds of films: action films, comedies, horrors, westerns, war films, adventurous films, sci-fi, historical films.

 You can also watch some documents: about disasters, nature, art and history.

I LIKE: ……………………….. because ………………

I DISLIKE: …………………… because ………………

I HATE: ………………………. because………………..

You can watch films on TV or in the cinema, or you can hire a DVD. When you watch a film at home, it’s more comfortable. You can eat and drink what you want when watching, and you can lie on the sofa or sit in the armchair; you can stop the DVD or change the channel on TV if you don’t like the film. It is also much cheaper to watch films at home, because the cinema tickets are quite expensive.

 On the other hand, going to the cinema is a type of social activity – especially when a new film is on (e.g. with your favourite actor, or when the story is attractive).

FILM AWARDS:

 In the Czech Republic: the films, directors, actors and actresses can win the Czech Lion. It’s an award of the Czech Film and Television Academy.

Every year there is an international film festival in Karlovy Vary, where the authors from all over the world compete for the best film (the award Crystal Globe).

MY FAVOURITE ACTOR:

MY FAVOURITE FILM:

Říct něco o kinech v Praze, jak často chodíte do kina, oblíbený žánr

 Theatre

At the theatre, you can see a play – a comedy, a tragedy, a tragi-comedy, an opera or a ballet, or you can listen to a concert of classical music.

There is a very festive atmosphere at the theatre. People dress up: women usually wear a dress or a costume, and men wear a suit, or trousers and a shirt. They take off their coats in the cloakroom. They can have a seat in the stalls, in the boxes or on the balcony. The actors are on the stage and spectators sit in the auditorium.

 The most famous Czech theatre is the National Theatre in Prague. Then there are Vinohrady Theatre, Stavovské Theatre and many others.

Říct, jestli jste viděli nějaké divadelní představení (co, kde) 

  

Music

A lot of children play some musical instrument in music schools. You can play the piano, the flute, the violin or the guitar,….

 People listen to music on various radio stations or buy CDs. On Tv there are several music channels, MTV, VH1, the Czech music channel Óčko.

In cities, there are concert halls and rock clubs where you can see and hear the bands play. In villages there are mostly village parties with local bands.

Classical music is not very popular with young people nowadays. In spite of that, we can say it is sometimes really beautiful. Some famous composers were:

-the Austrian composer Wolfang Amadeus Mozart – he was very popular in our country in the past

- the German composer Ludwig van Beethoven and Sebastian Bach

- the Czech composers Antonín Dvořák – with his opera Rusalka, which is world famous

                             and Bedřich Smetana – with his symphony My Country

My favourite singer / music group is……………

20 PROBLEMS OF TODAY

1)      Drugs

Důležitá slovíčka: take drugs, dose – dávka,  overdose – předávkovat, addiction- závislost, be addicted to – být závislý na

Soft drugs: marihuana, ectasy                                                  Hard drugs: cocaine, pervitin, heroin

Why do people take drugs?

Usually they want to run away from their problems. Very dangerous à they can overdose, they need a lot of money for their dose à they have to steal

      

     2)  Terrorism

Many terroristic organizations – e.g- AL-Kaida, Taleban, Hamas, ETA. Some of them are connected with religion (náboženství).

They try to frighten (vystrašit) people using bomb-attacks, kidnapping (únosy lidí)

The most famous teroristic acts were in NY (11/9/2001) – WTC, in London in 2005

     3) Famine

- it´s a problem in countries of the Third World (poor countries of Asia and Africa)

    4) Homelessness

It is a social problem.

It can be connected with drugs, because many of homeless people are drug addicted or they are alcoholics and  they have lost their jobs and homes

They live in very poor conditions (poměrech) – under bridges, etc.

They beg (žebrají).

22 Habits, Holidays, Traditions

THE INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND IN TOPIC NUMBER 2 (OVERLAPING) + PLEASE SEE ALSO THE INFORMATION FOLLOWING ABOUT SOME OTHER SPECIAL DAYS.

The UK:

Saint Patrick's Day or the Feast of Saint Patrick (Irish: Lá Fhéile Pádraig, "the Day of the Festival of Patrick") is a cultural and religious holiday celebrated on 17 March. It commemorates Saint Patrick (c. AD 387–461), the most commonly recognised of the patron saints of Ireland, and the arrival of Christianity in Ireland. Remembrance Day – 11th November, people who were killed in both world wars are remembered.

The USA:

Martin Luther King´s Day – 3rd Monday in January, a black clergyman who fought for the rights of his people, he was assassinated (spáchán atentát) in 1968. President´s Day – 3rd Monday in February, all American presidents are remembered. Columbus Day – 2nd Monday in October, Columbus landing in the New World is celebrated (1492). Veteran´s Day – 11th November, those who served in World War 1 are remebered.

25 Environment

INTRODUCTION

The environment (životní prostředí) is all around us. It consists (skládá se z) of the flora, fauna, the water, the air and the earth. We can live on this planet thanks to these basic components, which are necessary (nezbytné) for human existence. But the paradox is that we are polluting (znečišťujeme) these most important things, humans do not always care for the environment as they should. People prefer their own comfort (pohodlí) and luxury over a healthy natural environment. The environment has got worse since (od) the industry revolution 19th century. People want more cars, bigger houses, the latest computer technology, many factories and packaged food etc. to make their life more comfortable. All of this growth (růst) pollutes (znečišťuje) nature and the environment. Good relations between man and nature are important not only for us but even for animals, plants and future generation. 

The biggest environmental issues (otázky) are: 

• population growth, 
• global warming (oteplování)
• the ozone hole (ozónová díra)
• deforestation (ubývání lesů)
• air pollution (znečištění ovzduší)
• water pollution and endangered species (ohrožení existence některých druhů živočichů a rostlin)

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

• Population growth - The number of the people increases ( se zvyšuje) and because of it more pollution is generated (vytvořeno), more area is destroyed, and more natural resources (přírodních zdrojů) are used up (spotřebováno). In 1950 the world’s population was 2.5 billion people and now it is 6 billions.  But if we continue as today, we will soon have no copper (meď), natural gas (zemní plyn) and oil (ropa) by the ear 2050. Problems are also with the waste (odpad). We must control the population growth. If women have fewer (méně) than 2 children each, the world population will decline (klesne) after the year 2050. The other restriction (omezení) has China when the family with more than 2 children is disadvantaged (znevýhodněná)

• Global warming - The earth has a thin atmosphere (atmosféra - plynová vrstva nad zemí) that is like a transparent blanket (průhledná pokrývka) that keeps us warm. In a process called the greenhouse effect  (skleníkový efekt) the high energy radiation from the solar system is trapped (chycená do pasti) by gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). This heat energy keeps Earth temperatures too high to support life (volně: Tato energie udržuje příliš vysokou teplotu na zemi, jenž nepodporuje dobré životní podmínky).

16 Restaurants

A restaurant  is an establishment which prepares and serves food and drink to customers in return for money, either paid before the meal, after the meal. Meals are generally served and eaten right inside the place, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services.

 Modern restaurants are dedicated to the serving of food, where specific dishes are ordered by guests and are prepared to their request. The modern restaurant originated in 18th century in France. A restaurant owner is called a restaurateur, the word is from French. Professional artisans of cooking are called  chefs, while preparation staff and line cooks prepare food items in a more systematic and less artistic fashion.

History:

In Ancient Rome existed a special place called thermopolium. It was small restaurant-bar which offered food and drinks to the customer.

Types of Restaurants:

Restaurants  can range from fastfood or street stalls which serve simple food in simple settings at low prices, to expensive and luxurious restaurants like CAFE IMPERIAL in Prague serving refined (uhlazený/kultivovaný) food and wines in a formal setting. To some of the restaurants the formal clothes are needed.

Typically, customers sit at tables, their orders are taken by a waiter, who brings the food when it is ready, and the customers pay the bill before leaving. In finer restaurants there will be a host or hostess to welcome customers and to seat them. Other staff waiting on customers includes busboy (pomocný číšník) and sommelier (sklepník/odborník na víno).

Restaurants often specialize in certain types of food, for example there are seafood restaurants, vegetarian restaurants or ethnic restaurants. Generally speaking, restaurants selling food characteristic of the local culture are simply called restaurants, while restaurants selling food of foreign cultural origin are called ethnic restaurants: Chinese, Italian, Indian etc. We can also have very special types of restaurants: railway restaurant cars which are, in effect, travelling restaurants.

Restriction: 

Depending on local customs and the establishment, restaurants may or may not serve  alcohol. Restaurants are often prohibited from selling alcohol without a meal by alcohol sale laws.

Restaurants Guides:

Restaurants guides rewiev restaurants for food and other things like handicap accessibility. The most known guide in Europe is guide called MICHELIN (from one to three stars).